Nigerians could soon lose access to two of their most widely used social media platforms, Facebook and Instagram. Tech giant Meta warned that it might have to shut down services in the country due to hefty fines and what it calls “unrealistic” regulatory demands from authorities.
The warning came after Meta failed to overturn more than $290 million in fines levied by three Nigerian oversight bodies in 2023. A federal high court in Abuja recently ruled against the U.S.-based company, leaving it with a deadline of June 30 to comply.
A Threat to Millions of Users and Businesses
Meta’s potential exit could have sweeping implications for the estimated tens of millions of Nigerians who rely on Facebook and Instagram for daily communication, news sharing, and business. For many small and medium-sized enterprises in Nigeria, especially in the informal sector, these platforms are vital marketing tools.
“The applicant may be forced to effectively shut down the Facebook and Instagram services in Nigeria in order to mitigate the risk of enforcement measures,” Meta wrote in court filings.
Meta did not mention WhatsApp, which is another of its properties, in its statement. The lack of mention therefore creates ambiguity about whether the messaging app would also be affected.
Three Fines, One Major Clash
In July 2023, three Nigerian agencies imposed separate fines on Meta:
- $220 million by the Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Commission (FCCPC) for alleged anti-competitive practices
- $37.5 million by the advertising regulator for running unapproved ads
- $32.8 million by the Nigerian Data Protection Commission (NDPC) for alleged privacy violations
The NDPC’s actions appear to be at the heart of Meta’s discontent. In its legal filings, Meta accused the agency of “misinterpreting” Nigeria’s data protection laws and imposing conditions it says are both burdensome and impractical.
Among those conditions: Meta must seek prior approval before transferring any personal data out of Nigeria. The NDPC also demands that Meta embed an icon on its platforms linking to educational videos, produced in partnership with government-vetted institutions, warning users about data privacy risks.
The videos are expected to detail dangers related to “manipulative and unfair data processing” that could lead to health or financial harm. Meta has called these requirements “unfeasible.”
Regulators Defend Their Actions
In response, FCCPC Chief Executive Adamu Abdullahi said the fines stem from investigations conducted between May 2021 and December 2023, revealing “invasive practices against data subjects/consumers in Nigeria.” However, Abdullahi did not elaborate on the specific violations.
The NDPC insists that its demands protect Nigerian users from exploitative data practices and raise public awareness about digital risks.
Uncertain Future
As the June deadline approaches, it remains unclear whether Meta will comply. Or whether they will negotiate further or follow through on its threat to exit the market.
For now, Nigerian users and businesses remain in limbo, facing the possibility that two cornerstones of their digital lives may soon disappear.
