Nigerian officials have announced plans to seek the extradition of Simon Ekpa, a controversial figure arrested in Finland on terrorism charges. Ekpa, a Finnish citizen of Nigerian origin, is accused of inciting violence in south-eastern Nigeria, a region still grappling with the aftermath of a bloody civil war in the 1960s.
Arrest in Finland
Simon Ekpa, who identifies as the Prime Minister of the Biafra Republic Government in Exile (BRGIE), was detained by Finnish authorities on charges of inciting violence against civilians and public authorities. Otto Hiltunen, head of Finland’s National Bureau of Investigation, stated that Ekpa’s activities, including his use of social media, have been under investigation for their impact in Nigeria.
“He has carried out this activity by campaigning, for example, on his social media channels,” he said.
While Finnish detectives acknowledged international collaboration in the case, they did not confirm whether Nigeria played a direct role in the arrest. Four additional individuals were also detained for allegedly financing Ekpa’s activities.
In response, Nigeria’s army described the arrest as a “key victory” in its fight against terrorism. Army Chief Christopher Musa expressed hope for Ekpa’s extradition, while Edward Buba, director of defence media operations, praised international support in addressing terrorism.
“We are delighted about his arrest and glad that the international community is partnering with Nigeria in our fight against terrorism,” he said.
Controversy Surrounding Simon Ekpa
Ekpa, a polarizing figure, has been linked to calls for separatist activities in Nigeria’s south-east but denies involvement in recent violence. He commands a significant following in the region, where his calls for sit-at-home protests have disrupted daily life and exacerbated instability.
Despite sharing some ideological ties, the banned Indigenous People of Biafra (Ipob) has distanced itself from Ekpa. Formed in 2012 as a peaceful movement advocating for Igbo self-determination, Ipob later adopted an armed wing in 2020, claiming to defend its ethnic group. Nigerian courts have since designated Ipob as a terrorist organisation.
Nigeria’s Push for Justice
The Nigerian government has intensified efforts to bring Ekpa to justice, accusing him of terrorism, violent extremism, and secessionist threats. In March, authorities listed him and 96 others as wanted individuals.
Tukur Gusau, an army spokesperson, said Ekpa’s arrest is seen as a step towards extradition. “We are delighted about his arrest,” he stated, adding hope that Finland will cooperate.
Dada Olusegun, a special assistant to Nigerian President Bola Tinubu, mocked Ekpa’s self-proclaimed title on social media, posting, “Thank you Finland. See you soon Prime Minister.”
Past Efforts to Extradite Ekpa
This is not Nigeria’s first attempt to prosecute Ekpa. In February 2023, Finnish authorities briefly detained him following his threats to disrupt Nigeria’s general elections but released him after questioning. Nigerian officials accused Finland and the European Union of shielding Ekpa at the time.
A Finnish envoy previously emphasised that while Finland took concerns about Ekpa seriously, his rights as a Finnish citizen must be respected.
Lingering Unrest in Nigeria’s South-East
Ekpa’s influence from a distance shows some of the security and governance challenges Nigeria faces in stabilising its south-east. The region has endured years of conflict between separatists and security forces, with frequent clashes causing significant suffering.
Nnamdi Kanu, Ipob’s leader, has been in Nigerian custody since his arrest in Kenya in 2021. Ekpa initially gained prominence after claiming on Facebook that Kanu had directed him to take over broadcasting duties on Ipob’s Radio Biafra. This claim has been denied by Ipob.
