The junta-led nations of Niger, Mali, and Burkina Faso have today, formally withdrawn from the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). The regional bloc, which has served as a political and economic alliance since 1975, confirmed the departure on Wednesday, 29th January 2025, marking the culmination of a year-long process.
Despite the exit, ECOWAS has emphasized its willingness to maintain open channels with the three nations. In a statement, the bloc announced that it has “decided to keep ECOWAS’ doors open,” urging member states to continue granting the departing countries the privileges of membership, including free movement with an ECOWAS passport.
Celebrations in Niger
The departure of these nations from ECOWAS signals a significant reconfiguration of power in West Africa. In their place, Niger, Mali, and Burkina Faso have formed a new alliance, the Confederation of Sahel States (AES), which aims to assert greater sovereignty and regional control.
Thousands of Nigeriens took to the streets of Niamey on Tuesday to celebrate the transition. Civil society group M62 organised demonstrations that attracted government officials, activists, and citizens who celebrated the withdrawal as a victory for national sovereignty.
Salifou Harouna, a resident of Niamey who attended the rally, expressed his enthusiasm. “If you find a Nigerien today who is not happy, you have to ask yourself what kind of Nigerien they are,” he said.
“We’re happy to regain our sovereignty and will work to help the authorities support it so that this sovereignty is total and put in place.”
A Call for Broader Unity
As the AES gains traction, some supporters are urging other nations to follow suit. Activist Kadidja Alkassoum voiced this sentiment.
“The AES has taken the lead, and everyone should follow. We’re calling on our brothers to follow the AES because the AES will not back down from anything or anyone, because its people are behind it,” he said.
For officials in Niamey, the formation of AES represents an irreversible shift. Abdou Assaoumane Harouna, the governor of Niamey, reassured the crowd of the alliance’s commitment to unity and development. “We are in the AES confederation. From now on, tolerance, conciliation, acceptance of others, and harmonious development will guide our every step,” he said.
Future Implications
While negotiations with ECOWAS continue over the technicalities of the withdrawal, the AES is already preparing to solidify its independence. On January 29, the alliance will officially leave ECOWAS and launch a common passport, further distinguishing itself as a separate regional entity.
The departure of Niger, Mali, and Burkina Faso raises further questions about ECOWAS’ future and its ability to maintain unity among its remaining members. Some critics argue that the bloc has struggled to adequately address the concerns of citizens in the Sahel region, where economic hardship and insecurity have fueled dissatisfaction.
